Mga txt na pang-asar… – Page 1

How To Reinstall Windows Without Losing Anything Here Is Another Possible Solution:easy way and tested:

1- Start WindowsXP
2- Go to the location of your source files
3- Run WINNT32 /unattend
For example, D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend ( copy & paste this command into the RUN box, then press ENTER ) Your computer will do the rest.
Or,
Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.
Copy & paste > D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend
Press Enter.
If you have i386 on your drive, you can replace D: ( if D: is your cd drive ) with the location of it.
I’ve often need to do this to repair something that had gotten corrupted and didn’t want to do a clean install.

D: is the driver letter where your windows XP Cd is
if D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend doesn’t work then try : d:\winnt32 /unattend.

PACMAN

:””Drumstick Tree” and variants thereof redirect here. This name is also used for the [[Golden Shower Tree]] (”Cassia fistulosa” L.).”
{{Taxobox
| name = ”Moringa oleifera”
| image = Moringa Oleifera.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
| familia = [[Moringaceae]]
| genus = ””’[[Moringa]]””’
| species = ””’M. oleifera””’
| binomial = ”Moringa oleifera”
}}
””’Moringa oleifera””’, commonly referred to simply as ”’Moringa”’ (Tamil ”’murungai”’, முருங்கை), is the most widely cultivated variety of the genus ”[[Moringa]]”. It is of the family Moringaceae. It is an exceptionally nutritious [[vegetable]] [[tree]] with a variety of potential uses. The tree itself is rather slender with drooping [[branch]]es that grows to approximately 10 m in height; however, it normally is cut back annually to one meter or less, and allowed to regrow, so that [[pod]]s and [[leaves]] remain within arm’s reach.

The Moringa tree grows mainly in [[semi-arid]] [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] areas, corresponding in the United States to USDA hardiness zones 9 and 10. While it grows best in dry [[sand]]y [[soil]], it tolerates poor soil, including coastal areas. It is a fast-growing, [[drought]]-resistant tree that is [[wiktionary:native|native]] to the southern foothills of the [[Himalayas]], and possibly [[Africa]] and the [[Middle East]]{{Duke Handbook|sectionurl=Moringa_oleifera|section=Moringa oleifera}}. Today it is widely cultivated in [[Africa]], Central and [[South America]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]], [[Mexico]], [[Malaysia]] and the [[Philippines]]. Considered one of the world’s most useful trees, as almost every part of the Moringa tree can be used for [[food]], or has some other beneficial property. In the tropics it is used as [[foliage]] for [[livestock]].

The [[immature]] green pods, called “drumsticks” are probably the most valued and widely used part of the tree. They are commonly consumed in India, and are generally prepared in a similar fashion to [[green beans]] and have a slight [[asparagus]] [[taste]]. The seeds are sometimes removed from more mature pods and eaten like [[peas]] or roasted like [[nut (fruit)|nuts]]. The [[flowers]] are edible when cooked, and are said to taste like [[mushrooms]]. The [[root]]s are shredded and used as a [[condiment]] in the same way as [[horseradish]], however it contains the [[alkaloid]] [[spirochin]], a potentially fatal [[nerve]] paralyzing agent, so such practices should be strongly discouraged.

[[Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) leaf at Kolkata W IMG 2119.jpg|thumb|left|Leaf in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. ]]
The leaves are highly [[nutritious]], being a significant source of [[beta-carotene]], [[Vitamin C]], [[protein]], [[iron]] and [[potassium]]. The leaves are cooked and used like [[spinach]]. In addition to being used fresh as a substitute for spinach, its leaves are commonly dried and crushed into a [[Powder (substance)|powder]], and used in [[soups]] and [[sauces]]. ”Murungakai” as it is locally known in [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Kerala]] is used in [[Siddha medicine]]. Its leaves are full of medicinal properties. The tree is a good source for calcium and phosphorus. In Siddha medicine, the drumstick seeds are used as a sexual [[virility]] drug for treating erectile dysfunction in men and also in women for prolonging sexual activity.

[[Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) trunk at Kolkata W IMG 2128.jpg|thumb|Trunk in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]]]
The Moringa seeds yield 38–40% [[edible oil]] (called [[ben oil]], from the high concentration of [[behenic acid]] contained in the oil) that can be used in [[cooking]], [[cosmetics]], and [[lubrication]]. The [[Ben oil|refined oil]] is clear, odorless, and resists [[oxidation|rancidity]] at least as well as any other botanical oil. The seed cake remaining after oil extraction may be used as a [[fertilizer]] or as a [[flocculation|flocculent]] to [[purify]] water.

The [[bark]], [[Sap (plant)|sap]], roots, leaves, seeds, oil and flowers are used in [[traditional medicine]] in several countries. In [[Jamaica]], the sap is used for a blue [[dye]].

The flowers are also cooked and relished as a delicacy in West Bengal and Bangladesh, especially during early spring. There it is called ‘’sojne ful” and is usually cooked with green peas and [[potato]].

==Malnutrition==
Interest is growing in the use of Moringa in addressing [[malnutrition]] in [[developing]] areas of the world. Because of its high [[vitamin]] and [[mineral]] content, in Africa it has become popular as a locally produced [[nutritional supplement]] for individuals infected with the HIV/AIDS virus. It can be grown cheaply and easily, so several governments in Africa have promoted ”Moringa oleifera” as locally produced food beneficial to HIV-positive individuals.

[[Image:MoringaLeavesBaguio.jpg|thumb|Moringa leaves in a market in [[Baguio]], [[Philippines]]]]

It has been used successfully to combat malnutrition among [[infants]] and [[women]] of childbearing age. In Africa, [[breastfeeding|nursing]] mothers have been shown to produce far more [[milk]] when they add Moringa leaves to their [[diet (nutrition)|diet]] and severely malnourished children have made significant [[weight]] gains when caregivers add the leaves to their diets. It is commonly added to [[porridge]] to increase its nutritional content.

One doctor in [[Senegal]] ([[West Africa]]) explained: “We have always had problems with the classical approach to treating malnourished children. This was based on industrial products: whole [[milk powder]], [[vegetable oil]] and [[sugar]]. All these things are expensive. When you tell a parent to go out and buy these things—this can be truly costly for him. On the other hand, with Moringa the resource is locally available. The people themselves can produce it. We have done experiments in treating malnourished children with this plant and the results have been really spectacular.”

==Cultivation==
In India, the plant is propagated by planting limb [[cuttings]] 1–2 m long, from June to August, preferably. The plant starts bearing pods 6–8 months after planting but regular bearing commenced after the second year. The tree bears for several years. It does not tolerate [[freeze]]s or [[frost]]. It can also be propagated by [[seed]]. As with all plants, optimum cultivation depends on producing the right environment for the plant to thrive. Moringa is a sun and heat loving plant. As a seedling, however, you must monitor the environment in the beginning until the tree is established. Seeds can be germinated year round.

=== Soil ===
Moringa needs well draining [[soil]]. Increase the drainage of your soil by adding [[perlite]] or other porous substance.

=== Planting seeds ===
Plant an inch from the surface of the soil, cover and tamp gently.

=== Planting seedlings ===
{{howto}}
Dig a hole twice the depth of the pot. Be careful not to disturb the root when transplanting. Cut the bottom of the pot out and slit one side. Place the pot and seedling into the hole and back fill with soil, tamp gently. Water frequently. Do not let the soil dry out.

Moringa creates a [[taproot]]. Sometimes the top plant may die out due to heat, dry soil, or a change in the environment. This does not necessarily mean the plant has died. Check the taproot to see if it is still firm. If it is, keep the seedling damp with filtered sun. Moringa is a very hardy plant and can revive itself given time and good conditions. If the taproot is soft, it is dead. Moringa will die from [[root rot]], which is from poor draining soil.

Frost may cause the tree to drop leaves and even die down to the ground. Keep damp. It will revive in the spring. Freezing temperatures or continuous days of frost can kill Moringa. If you live in a cold climate you must keep the plant warm.

Rajangam ”et al” write:

{{quotation|[[India]] is the largest producer of moringa with an annual production of 1.1 to 1.3 million tonnes of tender fruits from an area of 380 km². Among the states, [[Andhra Pradesh]] leads in both area and production (156.65 km²) followed by [[Karnataka]] (102.8 km²) and [[Tamil Nadu]] (74.08 km²). In other states, it occupies an area of 46.13 km². Tamil Nadu is the pioneering state insomuch as it has varied genotypes from diversified geographical areas, as well as introductions from Sir Lanka.|Rajangam J., ”et al”. ”[http://www.moringanews.org/actes/rajangam_en.doc Status of Production and Utilisation of Moringa in Southern India]”. In “Development potential for Moringa products”, October 29th – November 2nd, 2001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania}}

Moringa is common in India, where its triangular, ribbed pods with winged seeds are used as a vegetable crop. It is particularly suitable for dry regions. The drumstick can be grown using rainwater without expensive irrigation techniques. The yield is good even if the water supply is not. The tree can be even grown on land covered with 10-90 cm of mud.

Moringa is grown in home gardens and as living fences in [[Thailand]], where it is commonly sold in local markets.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ”[http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/ac145e/AC145E09.htm The Vegetable Sector in Thailand]”, 1999
In the [[Philippines]], moringa is commonly grown for its leaves, which are used in soup.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ”[http://www.fao.org/ag/aGp/agpc/doc/Counprof/Philippines/Philipp.htm Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles: Philippines]”
The leaves (called ”dahon ng malunggay” in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] or ”dahon sa kamunggay” in [[Cebuano]]) are commonly sold in local markets. Moringa is also actively cultivated by the [[AVRDC]] in [[Taiwan]]. The [[AVRDC]] is “the principal international center for vegetable research and development in the world. Its mission is to reduce poverty and malnutrition in developing countries through improved production and consumption of vegetables.”

== Culinary uses ==

[[Image:Oleifera Fruits.jpg|thumb|Seeds and fruit of the ''M. oleifera'', ready for cooking]]

The [[fruit]] of the tree is quite popular as a [[vegetable]] in [[Asia]] and [[Africa]]. The fruit is a long, thin pod, resembling a [[drum stick]]. The fruit itself is called ”drumstick” in [[India]] and elsewhere. Moringa leaves are also eaten as a leaf vegetable, particularly in the [[Philippines]] and [[Africa]].

=== India ===
{{howto}}
The moringa pod is known as ”drumstick” or ‘’saragwa” or ‘’saragwe” in India. In [[South India]], it is used to prepare a variety of [[sambar (dish)|sambar]] and is also [[frying|fried]]. It is also preserved by [[canning]] and exported worldwide. In other parts of [[India]], especially [[West Bengal]] and also in a neighboring country like [[Bangladesh]] it is enjoyed very much. It can be made into varieties of ”curry” by mixing with coconut, poppy seeds and mustard. It can just be boiled, until the drumsticks are semi-soft and consumed directly without any extra processing or cooking. It is used in [[curry|curries]], [[Sambar (dish)|sambar]]s, [[korma]]s, and [[dal]]s, although it is also used to add flavor to cutlets, etc.

Tender drumstick leaves, finely chopped, make an excellent garnish for any vegetable dishes, dals, sambars, salads, etc. One can use the same in place of or with coriander, as these leaves have high medicinal value.
If the pulp has to be scraped out after cooking the sticks, then keep the pieces as long as 4-5 inches long. Also do not scrape the skin before boiling. This will help to hold and scrape them more easily and with less mess.
For drumstick sambar follow recipe for traditional sambar, adding boiled drumstick fingers, along with onions in the oil, while stir frying.

Scraped drumstick pulp can be made into drumstick [[bhurtha]], more or less like the [[baingan]] bhurtha after the pulp has been obtained. It is a wonderfully unusual and tasty dish. The recipe is identical to that of baingan bhurtha.

Drumstick dal, is also a very tasty version of the traditional ‘[[toor dal]]’. Add some of the pulp to the boiled dal, and hand beat it along with the dal before seasoning. This will give an unusual, novel flavor to this dal. In another variation you may add pieces of boiled drumstick including the water in which it was boiled, to the traditional [[toor dal]] while it is simmering. The pieces are delightful to chew on with the dal & rice. In addition to being known as Drumstick Dal, the South Indian version which is a spiced lentil soup is more popular by the name – sambar or sambhar. Sambar is usually cooked with toor dal, drumsticks and other locally grown vegetables. The spices used typically in this stew are turmeric, chili powder and cumin among others. It is eaten with rice just like the Drumstick dal.

=== Philippines ===

In the Philippines, the leaves are widely eaten. Bunches of leaves are available in many markets, priced below many other leaf vegetables. The leaves are most often added to a broth to make a simple, and highly nutritious soup. The leaves are also sometimes used as a characteristic ingredient in [[tinola]]—a traditional chicken dish, composed of chicken in a broth, moringa leaves, and either green [[papaya]] or another secondary vegetable.

The leaves are now used in making “polvoron” candy, as [[bio-fuel]] and morinaga oil.

On [[September 14]], 2007, Senator [[Loren Legarda]] campaigned for the popularization of moringa. She asked the government to make moringa among its priority crops for propagation. The Bureau of Plant Industry, in its report, stated that, weight per weight, moringa leaves have the calcium equivalent of 4 glasses of milk, the vitamin C content of 7 oranges, potassium of 3 bananas, 3 times the iron of spinach, 4 times the amount of vitamin A in carrots, and 2 times the protein in milk. Moringa also helps to purify water, a cheaper alternative to mechanical filtration.[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view_article.php?article_id=88634 Inquirer.net, Legarda pushes for malunggay, her beauty soup][http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008507333 AHN, Philippine Lawmaker Urges Agriculture Department To Propagate Highly Potent Malunggay Vegetable]

[[Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) leaves with flowers at Kolkata W IMG 2125.jpg|thumb|leaves with flowers in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. ]]

== Other uses ==
The tree’s bark, roots, fruit, flowers, leaves, seeds and gum are also used medicinally in India. Uses include as an antiseptic and in treating rheumatism, venomous bites and other conditions.
The moringa seed pod is also used to cleanse water (e.g. desalination of ocean salt water).

== Gallery ==

Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) trunk at Narendrapur W IMG 4175.jpg|trunk at [[Narendrapur]] near [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) flowering at canopy at Narendrapur W IMG 4172.jpg|flowering at canopy at [[Narendrapur]] near [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) flowers at Kolkata W IMG 2124.jpg|flowers in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) flowers at Kolkata W IMG 2123.jpg|flowers in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].
Image:Sonjna (Moringa oleifera) flowering branch at Kolkata W IMG 2118.jpg|flowering branch in [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].

{{Cleanup|date=April 2008}}

==Names==
Other names for the ”’Moringa”’ in English include:
* ”Drumstick tree”, from the appearance of the long, slender, triangular seed pods.
* ”Horseradish tree”, from the taste of the leaves, which can serve as a rough substitute for [[horseradish]].
* ”Ben oil tree”, from the oil derived from the seeds

The Chinese name of the Moringa (辣木), pronounced “la mu” in [[Standard Mandarin|Putonghua]] and “lat mok” in [[Cantonese (linguistics)|Cantonese]], means “spicy (hot) wood”, and is reminiscent of the English name “horseradish tree”.

In some Indian languages, the name is phonetically somewhat similar to “moringa”, while in others it is quite different:

* In Thai language it is called “ma rum มะรุม”.
* In [[Assamese language|Assamese]] it is called ”Sojina”.
* In [[Punjabi | Hindi ]] it is called ”Surajana”.
* In [[Tamil language|Tamil]] it is called ”Murungakka” in singular form, the plural form being ”Murungakkai”.
* In [[Hindi language|Hindi]] it is called ‘’sahjan”.
* In [[Marathi]] is it called ”Shevga”.
* In [[Kannada language|Kannada]] it is known as ”Nuggaeekayee”.
* In [[Tulu language|Tulu]] it is known as ”Noorggaee”.
* In [[Telugu language|Telugu]] it is called ”Mulakkaya”.
* In [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] is it called ”Saragvo”.
* In [[Oriya language|Oriya]] it is called ”Sajana” or ”Sujuna”.
* In [[Bengali language|Bengali]] it is called ”Sojne danta”.
* In [[Kerala]] state its known as Muringa Tree and the fruit called Muringakka in [[Malayalam]].
* In [[Nepali language|Nepali]] it is known as ”Sajiwan” or ”Swejan”.
* In [[Guyana]] it is called ”Saijan”

The [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] name, in the Philippines – ”Malunggay” – is also phonetically similar to “moringa”. In [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]], another Filipino language, its called ”Marungay”. It is called “Kamunggay” in Bisaya.

In [[Haitian creole|Haiti]], the moringa is called the ”benzolive” (or ”benzolivier”).

In Nicaragua the plant is referred to as Marango.

In [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]], the moringa is called ”kelor” (”kalor” in [[Malaysian language|Malay]]).
In [[Javanese language|Javanese]], it is called ”limaran”.

The [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Moringa.html MMPND entry for Moringa] gives names in many other languages.

==Popular beliefs==

There are several popular beliefs associated with the tree and the fruit in southern India without any medical proof.

* The fruit is said to increase sexual libido in men. This belief is so common in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]] that there have been passive references to this in its legislative assembly.
* The tree is said to host ghosts during the night. This combined with the fact that the tree attracts a host of insects make it unattractive for people to grow it in their backyards.

==References==

==External links ==
{{commons|Moringa oleifera|Moringa oleifera}}
* [http://www.explorelifeonearth.org/moringahome.html The home page of the plant family Moringaceae: Photos and information on all 13 species]
* [http://www.moringanews.org MoringaNews Network Site]
* [http://www.treesforlife.org/moringa/Moringahome.htm Trees for Life Moringa Site]
* [http://www.treesforlife.org/moringa/book.htm Trees for Life's Moringa Book online]
* [http://www.le.ac.uk/engineering/staff/Sutherland/moringa/moringa.htm John Sutherland's Moringa oleifera pages]
* [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Moringa.html MMPND entry for Moringa]
* [http://www.stuartxchange.com/Malunggay.html Philippine Medicinal Plants]
* {{cite web
| title=Moringa oleifera: A Review of the Medical Evidence for Its Nutritional, Therapeutic, and Prophylactic Properties. Part 1.
| url=http://www.tfljournal.org/article.php/20051201124931586
| author=Jed W. Fahey, Sc.D.
| publisher=Trees for Life Journal
| accessdate=2008-08-16
}}
* {{cite web
| title=A Second Look at the Lowly Malunggay
| url=http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/wp/malunggay.htm
| author=Lydia M. Marero
| publisher=Philippines Food and Nutrition Research Institute
| accessdate=2006-12-12
}}
*[http://www.gmanews.tv/largevideo/latest/17246/Malunggay-may-be-used-in-biofuel-production www.gmanews.tv/largevideo, Malunggay may be used in biofuel production - 01/25/2008]
*[http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?StoryId=106482 Abs-Cbn Interactive, Guro nakaimbento ng 'malunggay polvoron']
*[http://www.pia.gov.ph/default.asp?m=12&fi=p080122.htm&no=41 www.pia.gov.ph, Malunggay eyed as potential biofuel source]
*[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20080127-115054/4-MIT-students-here-studying-malunggay newsinfo.inquirer.net, 4 MIT students here studying ‘malunggay’]
*[http://www.africa.upenn.edu/faminefood/category4/cat4_Moringa_oleifera_ok.htm On-farm Food Crops with "Famine Food" Components: Moringa oleifera] (Famine Food Guide website)

[[Category:Filipino cuisine]]
[[Category:Brassicales]]
[[Category:Tropical agriculture]]
[[Category:Underutilized crops]]
[[Category:Water treatment]]
[[Category:Appropriate technology]]

[[de:Meerrettichbaum]]
[[fr:Moringa oleifera]]
[[ht:Benzoliv]]
[[pt:Acácia-branca]]
[[ru:Моринга масличная]]

How to Change Computer BIOS Settings

from wikiHow – The How to Manual That You Can Edit
From time to time, we must make modifications to our computers that require going into the BIOS of the machine. Although each computer is different, most use standard ways of getting in, changing values, and saving the configuration.

Steps

1. When your PC is starting up, press the Setup key. This is usually Del, F2, or F12. The key, however, differs with each machine. It should be stated on the screen which key is the setup key.
2. Once you enter the computer’s BIOS, use the arrow keys and tab key to move between elements. Press enter to select an item to change.
3. Find the ‘Save and Exit’ item once you have applied the settings. If you cannot find it, try pressing ESC and seeing if it prompts you to save.

Tips

• Keep a copy of your motherboard’s documentation (a.k.a. User Manual) with you in case you can’t get in or out of the BIOS, or you need help changing something.
• Backup your BIOS settings by recording them on paper once your PC is running and before you make any changes to them.
• A useful task is to check the boot order. If you have the OS on the hard drive, make sure that the hard drive is the first in the boot order. This can shave a few seconds off boot time.

Warnings

• Don’t change anything if you don’t know what you’re doing.
• If you are going to flash the BIOS after, do NOT attempt this. If you have already changed settings, you must reset your BIOS. Instructions on how to reset your BIOS can be found here: Reset Your BIOS

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world’s largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Change Computer BIOS Settings. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

Windows XP Secrets

Hidden Programs In Windows Xp
1) Private Character Editor
This program is for designing icons and Characters(Alphapet)
cl!ck :start
Then :run
type :EUDCEDIT
………………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ………………………………………
2) iExpress

This Program is for converting your files to EXECUTABLE files
cl!ck : start
Then : run
type : iexpress
………………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ………………………………………
3)Disk Cleanup
This program used for cleaning harddisk to offer space
cl!ck : start
Then : run
type : cleanmgr

………………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ………………………………………
4)Dr Watson
This program Is for repairing problems in Windows
cl!ck : start
Then : run
type : drwtsn32
………………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ………………………………………
5)Windows Media Player 5.1
Opens the old media player
cl!ck : start
Then : run
type : mplay32
………………………………………….. ………………………………………….. ………………………………………
Well Some More XP Secrets

Windows XP – Secrets

Deleting System Softwares:

XP hides some system software you might want to remove, such as Windows Messenger, but you can tickle it and make it disgorge everything. Using Notepad or Edit, edit the text file /windows/inf/ sysoc.inf, search for the word ‘hide’ and remove it. You can then go to the Add or Remove Programs in the Control Panel, select Add/Remove Windows Components and there will be your prey, exposed and vulnerable.

================================================== =================

Creating Shutdown Icon or One cl!ck Shutdown:

Navigate to your desktop. On the desktop, right-cl!ck and go to New, then to Shortcut (in other words, create a new shortcut). You should now see a pop-up window instructing you to enter a command line path.
Use this path in “Type Location of the Item”
SHUTDOWN -s -t 01
If the C: drive is not your local hard drive, then replace “C” with the correct letter of the hard drive. cl!ck the “Next” button. Name the shortcut and cl!ck the “Finish” button. Now whenever you want to shut down, just cl!ck on this shortcut and you’re done.

================================================== =================

Increasing Band-Width By 20%:

Microsoft reserves 20% of your available bandwidth for their own purposes like Windows Updates and interrogating your PC etc

To get it back:

cl!ck Start then Run and type ” gpedit.msc” without quotes.This opens the group policy editor. Then go to:
Local Computer Policy then Computer Configuration then Administrative Templates then Network then QOS Packet Scheduler and then to Limit Reservable Bandwidth.
Double cl!ck on Limit Reservable bandwidth. It will say it is not configured, but the truth is under the ‘Explain’ tab i.e.”By default, the Packet Scheduler limits the system to 20 percent of the bandwidth of a connection, but you can use this setting to override the default.”
So the trick is to ENABLE reservable bandwidth, then set it to ZERO. This will allow the system to reserve nothing, rather than the default 20%.It works on Win 2000 as well.

================================================== =================

Renaming The Recycle Bin icon:

To change the name of the Recycle Bin desktop icon, cl!ck Start then goto Run, write Regedit and press Enter. It opens Registry Editor. Now in Registry Editor go to:

HKEY_CLASSES_ ROOT/CLSID/ {645FF040- 5081-101B- 9F08-00AA002F954 E}
and change the name “Recycle Bin” to whatever you want (don’t type any quotes).

Managing Tasks:
You can at last get rid of tasks on the computer from the command line by using ‘taskkill /pid’ and the task number, or just ‘tskill’ and the process number. Find that out by typing ‘tasklist’, which will also tell you a lot about what’s going on in your system.

================================================== =================

Removing Shared Documents folder From My Computer window:

Open registry editor by going to Start then Run and entering regedit. Once in registry, navigate to key

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer \ My Computer \ NameSpace \ DelegateFolders

You must see a sub-key named {59031a47-3f72- 44a7-89c5- 5595fe6b30ee} . If you delete this key, you have effectively removed the my shared documents folder.

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Making www.www.google.com.com the Default Search Engine in Internet Explorer:

Open registry editor by going to Start then Run and entering regedit and navigate to following three keys separately and change it as shown below:

[HKEY_CURRENT_ USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Internet Explorer\Main]
“Search Page”=” [noparse]http://www.www.www.google.com.com[/noparse]. com”
“Search Bar”=” [noparse]http://www.www.www.google.com.com[/noparse]. com/ie”
[HKEY_CURRENT_ USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Internet Explorer\SearchURL]
“”=” [noparse]http://www.www.www.google.com.com[/noparse]. com/keyword/ %s”
[HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE \Microsoft\ Internet Explorer\Search]
“SearchAssistant” =” [noparse]http://www.www.www.google.com.com[/noparse]. com/ie” .

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Improving the Slow Boot up time:

There are a variety of reasons why your windows XP system would boot slowly. Most of the times it this has to do with the startup applications. If you would like to speed up the bootup sequence, consider removing some of the startup applications that you do not need. Easiest way to remove startup apps is through System Configuration Utility. Go to Start then Run and enter MSCONFIG and go to the Startup tab. Deselect/UnCheck application( s) that you do not want to startup at boot time.

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Customize Logon prompt with your Own Words:

Open Registry by going to Start then Run, entering regedit and Navigate to [HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE \Microsoft\ Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ Winlogon] . In right pane, look for key by the name “LogonPrompt” . Set its value to whatever text you want to see displayed at login screen.

IP address of your connection:
Go to Start then Run. Enter ‘cmd’ and then enter ‘ipconfig’ .Add the ‘/all’ switch for more info .

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Making Folders Private:
Open My Computer Double-cl!ck the drive where Windows is installed (usually drive (C, unless you have more than one drive on your computer). If the contents of the drive are hidden, under System Tasks, cl!ck Show the contents of this drive.
Double-cl!ck the Documents and Settings folder. Double-cl!ck your user folder. Right-cl!ck any folder in your user profile, and then cl!ck Properties. On the Sharing tab, select the Make this folder private so that only I have access to it check box.

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To change Drive Letters:
Go to Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Computer Management, Disk Management, then right-cl!ck the partition whose name you want to change (cl!ck in the white area just below the word “Volume”) and select “change drive letter and paths.”
From here you can add, remove or change drive letters and paths to the partition.

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Removing the Shortcut arrow from Desktop Icons:
Goto Start then Run and Enter regedit. Navigate to HKEY_CLASSES_ ROOTlnkfile. Delete the IsShortcut registry value. You may need to restart Windows XP.

Get Drivers for your Devices:
Visit Windows Update (XP Only)
Look at the left hand pane and under Other Options cl!ck Personalize Windows Update.
Now in the right hand pane check the box – Display the link to the Windows Update Catalog under See Also
Below Choose which categories and updates to display on Windows Update – make sure you check all the boxes you want shown.
cl!ck Save Settings
Now look in the left hand pane under See Also cl!ck Windows Update Catalog and choose what you’re looking for. Choose either MS updates or drivers for hardware devices.
Start the Wizard and off you go.

Customize Internet Explorer’s Title Bar:
Open Registry by going to Start then Run and Enter regedit. Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_ USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Internet. Explorer\Main. In right hand panel look for string “Window Title” and change its value to whatever custom text you want to see.

Disabling the use of Win Key:
If your are a gaming freak then you must be sick of the Win key in your keyboard. To disable use of Win key, open registry by going to Start then Run and entering regedit. Navigate to [HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\SYSTEM\ CurrentControlSe t\Control\ Keyboard Layout] . In this look for value of “Scancode Map”. Its binary data so be extra careful:
Set its value to “00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 5B E0 00 00 5C E0 00 00 00 00″ to disable the win key.

Restarting Windows without Restarting the Computer:
This one is again is. When you cl!ck on the SHUTDOWN button, make sure to simultaneous press SHIFT Button. If you hold the Shift key down while *** on SHUTDOWN button, you computer would restart without restarting the Computer. This is equivalent to term “HOT REBOOT”.

Stopping XP from displaying unread messages count on Welcome Screen:
To stop XP from displaying count of unread messages, Open registry and navigate to [HKEY_CURRENT_ USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\CurrentV ersion\UnreadMai l] and look for the data key “MessageExpiryDays” . If you do not see this key, create one DWORD key by the name “MessageExpiryDays” . Setting its value to 0 would stop Windows XP from displaying the count of unread messages.

Modify Color Selection of Default Theme:
Open registry by going to Start then Run. Entering regedit, navigate to [HKEY_USERS\ .DEFAULT\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\CurrentV ersion\ThemeMana ger] and locate the key “ColorName”.
Right cl!ck on it and select modify its value from “NormalColor” to “Metallic”
cl!ck Ok, and exit regedit and restart your computer.

Removing the Recycle Bin from the Desktop:

If you don’t use the Recycle Bin to store deleted files , you can get rid of its desktop icon all together. Run Regedit and go to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/ SOFTWARE/ Microsoft/ Windows/CurrentV ersion/explorer/ Desktop/NameSpace

Windows Xp Registry Tips & Tweaks

Modifying the Disk Check Autochk.exe Time-out (Scandisk Delay) Value from 10 seconds to 3 Seconds
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Contro l\Session Manager]
“AutoChkTimeOut”=dword:00000003
Disable Automatic Restart in the event of a System Crash / BSOD
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Contro l\CrashControl]
“AutoReboot”=dword:00000000
Disable The Windows XP Desktop Cleanup Wizard (Unused Desktop Shortcuts)
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Explorer\Desktop\CleanupWiz]
“NoRun”=dword:00000001
Speed up Network Browsing by Removing Network Scheduled Tasks
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Explorer\RemoteComputer\NameSpace\{D627 7990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF}]
Disables Windows Take A Tour Bubble Popup
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Applets\Tour]
“RunCount”=dword:00000000
Disable Remote Registry Service (Remote users to modify registry settings on your computer. Now registry can be modified only by users on your computer)
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic es\RemoteRegistry]
“Start”=dword:00000004
Removes the Recent Documents from the Start menu. The system saves a shortcut to each of the non-program files the user opened most recently, and it displays the shortcuts on the Recent Documents.
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Policies\Explorer]
“NoRecentDocsMenu”=dword:00000001
Classic Search, Full Path In Title Bar And Address Bar. This allows you to disable the new Search Assistant Dog and use the traditional search interface in Windows Explorer
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Explorer\CabinetState]
“FullPath”=dword:00000000
“FullPathAddress”=dword:00000001
“Use Search Asst”=”no”
“Settings”=hex:0c,00,02,00,1b,01,e7,77,60,00,00,00
Have you ever wanted to Rename Recycle Bin ? This Tweak Allows Renaming of Recycle Bin
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ShellFolder]
“Attributes”=hex:50,01,00,20
“CallForAttributes”=dword:00000000
Are you getting ‘Low Disk Space Notification’ ? This Disables Low Diskspace Warnings
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Policies\Explorer]
“NoLowDiskSpaceChecks”=dword:00000001
Do you want to Speedup the Windows XP Start Menu?
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop]
“MenuShowDelay”=”2″
Maximize Your Internet Explorer’s Simultaneous Downloads From 2 to 10 Connections
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Internet Settings]
“MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server”=dword:0000000a
“MaxConnectionsPerServer”=dword:0000000a
Remove the Queue-it-up, Burn to CD right cl!ck options on Windows Media Player files.
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{CE3FB1D1-02AE-4a5f-A6E9-D9F1B4073E6C}]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{F1B9284F-E9DC-4e68-9D7E-42362A59F0FD}]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{8DD448E6-C188-4aed-AF92-44956194EB1F}]
Removes Sign up with Passport Wizard when trying to sign in MSN Messenger First time
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Internet Settings\Passport]
“RegistrationCompleted”=dword:00000001
Disables Preview (Thumbnails) of Movie File Formats (Allowing You To Move/Rename/Delete without Errors)
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.avi\ShellEx]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.mpg\ShellEx]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.mpe\ShellEx]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.mpeg\ShellEx]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.mov\ShellEx]
Open Explorer From My Computer or Any Folder (Power users love this)
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell]
@=”explore”
Remove ‘Shortcut To …’ Prefix when you create new Shortcut
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Explorer]
“link”=hex:00,00,00,00
This **** ‘Command Prompt here’ on Right cl!ck Menu (When you right cl!ck on a Drive/Folder)
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\Command Prompt Here]
@=”Command &Prompt Here”
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\Command Prompt Here\command]
@=”cmd.exe /k cd %1 “
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\Command Prompt Here]
@=”Command &Prompt Here”
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\Command Prompt Here\command]
@=”cmd.exe /k cd %1 “
Remove Shared Documents folders from My Computer System Folder
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Explorer\MyComputer\NameSpace\DelegateF olders\{59031a47-3f72-44a7-89c5-5595fe6b30ee}]
Disable the Unread Mail Message on the Welcome Screen
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\UnreadMail\]
“MessageExpiryDays”=dword:00000000
Disable Compress Old Files (This is useful when Disk Cleanup Tool Stops Responding While Compressing Old Files)
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Explorer\VolumeCaches\Compress old files]
Windows Explorer Crashes When Opening Folder Containing avi/video files
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{87D62D94-71B3-4b9a-9489-5FE6850DC73E}]
[-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\SystemFileAssociations\.avi\shel lex\PropertyHandler]
[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{87D62D9 4-71B3-4b9a-9489-5FE6850DC73E}\InProcServer32]

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ANY MISTAKE DONE IN EDITIN REGISTRY IT CAN LEAD TO SYSTEM FAILURE….
DO AT UR OWN RISK…..

Send Out Executable Files Via Gmail

As a security measure to prevent the intrusion of potential viruses, Gmail strictly disallows users to send and receive executable files (files with the extension “.exe”, “.dll”, “.ocx” or “.bat”) in its policy. If you try to send these files, Gmail will send you an error message: “This is an executable file. For security reasons, Gmail does not allow you to send this type of file.” You might try to zip or compress the files into other formats such as “.zip”, “.tar”, “.tgz”, “.taz”, “.z” or “.gz”. However, your Gmail account will bounce back your message. How to send executable files with your Gmail account if you really need to do so?

Of course the easiest way is to use other email services such as Yahoo to send your important executable files. However, if you are still set on using Gmail to send your executable files, there are a few ways you can try: -

1. You can rename your executable files from the “exe” extension to other formats such as “doc”, “jpeg”, etc. For instance, your file name is happy.exe; just rename your file to happy.doc and send it over to the receivers. Once the receivers have received the files, they just need to change the extension back to the original file extension.

2. The other way you can try is upload your executable files to some free file hosting service such as DivShare or Rapidshare. Copy down the link and send it to the receivers. It’s pretty straightforward.

3. The last option you can try is to compress your executable file by using Winrar. Gmails doesn’t scan files in the RAR format. You can send the file out without a problem. However, you must make sure your receivers can open the RAR files